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History
of Traffic Signs
The earliest road signs were milestones, giving
distance or direction; for example, the Romans erected stone columns thoughout
their empire giving the distance on Rome. In the Middle Ages multidirectional
signs at intersections became common, giving directions to cities and towns.
Traffic signs became more important with the
development of automobiles. The basic patterns of most traffic signs were set
at the 1908 International Road Congress in Rome. Since then there have been
considerable change. Today they are almost all metal rather than wood and are
coated with retroreflective sheetings of various types for nighttime and
low-light visibility.
New generations of traffic signs based on big
electronic displays can also change its symbols and also provide intelligent behavior
by means of sensors or by remote control. In this sense, “road beacons” or RBS
based in the use of RFID special transponders buried in the asphalt arise as an
innovative evolution for on-board signalling.
Yet another “medium” for transferring information ordinarily
associated with visible signs is RIAS (Remote Infrared Audible Signage), e.g.
“Talking Signs®” for print-handicapped (including blind/low-vision/illiterate)
people. These are infra-red transmitters serving the same purpose as the usual
graphic signs when received by an appropriate device such as a hand-held
receiver or one built into a cell phone.
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